This is possible, yes. Basically, when the Move Left button is clicked, your OnClick code will move the table to the right (assuming the user intent is to see what is further to the left) and visa-versa for the Move Right button. The dynamic panel (dp) containing the table must be set to a fixed size (uncheck the Fit To Content checkbox in the Inspecor Pane or the right-click menu for the dp) so it will act as a viewport mask.
You can either move a fixed amount, like 20 px, or try to snap to a column edge if you know the width of your columns. specifically the columns just to the left and right of the visible table area (which is defined by the width of your dp.) If all your columns are the same width then that is how far you move your table. You can dynamically determine the column widths depending on how the table is represented/created. Is it an actual Table Widget, did you create it with a Repeater Widget, is it in an Inline Frame Widget, Google Chart, hand-built, etc.?
Here is a quick demonstration: demoTableMove.rp (67.0 KB)